Osimani, Barbara (2020) Epistemic Gains and Epistemic Games: Reliability and higher order evidence in Medicine and Pharmacology. A. LaCaze, B. Osimani (eds.), Uncertainty in Pharmacology, Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 338.. pp. 345-372.
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Abstract
In this paper I analyse the dissent around evidence standards in medicine and pharmacology as a result of distinct ways to address epistemic losses in our game with nature and the scientific ecosystem: an “elitist” and a “pluralist” approach. The former is focused on reliability as minimisation of random and systematic error, and is grounded on a categorical approach to causal assessment, whereas the latter is more focused on the high context-sensitivity of causation in medicine and in the soft sciences in general, and favours probabilistic approaches to scientific inference, as better equipped for defeasibility of causal inference in such domains. I then present a system for probabilistic causal assessment from heterogenous evidence that makes justice of concerns from both positions, while also incorporating “higher order evidence” (evidence/information about the evidence itself) in hypothesis confirmation.
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| Item Type: | Published Article or Volume | ||||||
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| Keywords: | Causal inference, systematic error, random error, contextualism, reliability, relevance, causal holism | ||||||
| Subjects: | General Issues > Causation Specific Sciences > Medicine > Clinical Trials Specific Sciences > Medicine > Epidemiology General Issues > Evidence General Issues > Reductionism/Holism General Issues > Science and Policy |
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| Depositing User: | Prof. Barbara Osimani | ||||||
| Date Deposited: | 30 Dec 2020 15:27 | ||||||
| Last Modified: | 30 Dec 2020 15:27 | ||||||
| Item ID: | 18537 | ||||||
| Journal or Publication Title: | A. LaCaze, B. Osimani (eds.), Uncertainty in Pharmacology, Boston Studies in the Philosophy and History of Science 338. | ||||||
| Publisher: | Springer Nature | ||||||
| DOI or Unique Handle: | 10.1007/978- 3- 030- 29179- 2_15 | ||||||
| Subjects: | General Issues > Causation Specific Sciences > Medicine > Clinical Trials Specific Sciences > Medicine > Epidemiology General Issues > Evidence General Issues > Reductionism/Holism General Issues > Science and Policy |
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| Date: | 2020 | ||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 345-372 | ||||||
| URI: | https://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/id/eprint/18537 |
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