Vaassen, Bram
(2022)
Absence and Abnormality.
[Preprint]
Abstract
Absences pose a dilemma for theories of causation. Allowing them to be causes seems to make theories too permissive ( (Lewis 2000). Banning them from being causes seems to make theories too restrictive (Schaffer 2000, Schaffer 2004). An increasingly popular approach to this dilemma is to acknowledge that norms can affect which absences count as causes (e.g., Thomson 2003, McGrath 2005, Henne et al. 2017, Willemsen 2018). In this article, I distinguish between two influential implementations of such `abnormality’ approaches and argue that so-called `double-prevention mechanisms' provide counterexamples against both.
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