Norton, John D.
  
(2018)
Einstein’s Conflicting Heuristics: The Discovery of General Relativity.
    [Preprint]
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
    
      
      
    
  
  
  
    Abstract
    Einstein located the foundations of general relativity in simple and vivid physical principles: the principle of equivalence, an extended principle of relativity and Mach's principle. While these ideas played an important heuristic role in Einstein's thinking, they provide a dubious logical foundation for his final theory. Einstein was also guided to his final theory, I argue, by a second tier of more prosaic heuristics. I trace one strand among them. The principle of equivalence guided Einstein well until it led him to a theory that contradicted the conservation of momentum. Einstein converted the requirement of conservation of energy and momentum into a procedure that he used repeatedly for finding gravitational field equations. That procedure survives in present day developments of general relativity.
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
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