Grote, Thomas and Buchholz, Oliver (2024) Machine Learning in Public Health and the Prediction-Intervention Gap. [Preprint]
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Abstract
This chapter examines the epistemic value of (purely) predictive ML models for public health. By discussing a novel strand of research at the intersection of ML and economics that recasts policy problems as prediction problems, we argue – against skeptics – that predictive models can indeed be a useful guide for policy interventions, provided that certain conditions hold. Using behavioral approaches to policymaking such as Nudge theory as a contrast class, we carve out a distinct feature of the ML approach to public policy problems: the ML model itself may turn into a cognitive intervention. In underscoring the epistemic value of predictive models, we also highlight the importance of taking a broader perspective on what constitutes good evidence for policymaking. Moreover, by focusing on public health, we also contribute to the understanding of the specific methodological challenges of ML-driven science outside of traditional success areas.
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| Item Type: | Preprint | |||||||||
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| Keywords: | machine learning; public health; prediction; health economics; algorithmic decision-making; evidence-based policymaking | |||||||||
| Subjects: | Specific Sciences > Artificial Intelligence > Machine Learning Specific Sciences > Medicine General Issues > Science and Policy General Issues > Technology |
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| Depositing User: | Mr. Oliver Buchholz | |||||||||
| Date Deposited: | 20 Mar 2024 16:20 | |||||||||
| Last Modified: | 20 Mar 2024 16:20 | |||||||||
| Item ID: | 23207 | |||||||||
| Subjects: | Specific Sciences > Artificial Intelligence > Machine Learning Specific Sciences > Medicine General Issues > Science and Policy General Issues > Technology |
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| Date: | March 2024 | |||||||||
| URI: | https://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/id/eprint/23207 |
Available Versions of this Item
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Machine Learning in Public Health and the Prediction Intervention Gap. (deposited 18 Mar 2024 23:25)
- Machine Learning in Public Health and the Prediction-Intervention Gap. (deposited 20 Mar 2024 16:20) [Currently Displayed]
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