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Rediscovering Bernard and Cannon: Restoring the Broader Vision of Homeostasis Eclipsed by the Cyberneticists

Bechtel, William and Bich, Leonardo (2025) Rediscovering Bernard and Cannon: Restoring the Broader Vision of Homeostasis Eclipsed by the Cyberneticists. Philosophy of Science. pp. 1-22. ISSN 0031-8248

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Abstract

Since Cannon, inspired by Bernard’s discussion of the conditions required for free and independent life, introduced the term homeostasis, many have embraced it as the main theoretical principle guiding physiology and medicine. Nonetheless, critics have argued that homeostasis is too limiting and have advanced a variety of alternative concepts such as heterostasis, rheostasis, and allostasis. We argue that the critics target a much narrower understanding of homeostasis put forward by the cyberneticists and that Bernard and Cannon embraced a far broader understanding that can accommodate the alternatives advanced by the critics and provide an integrated theoretical framework for physiology.


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Item Type: Published Article or Volume
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCID
Bechtel, Williambechtel@ucsd.edu
Bich, Leonardoleonardo.bich@ehu.es0000-0002-2416-112X
Keywords: Regulation; Homeostasis; Control; Cybernetics; Physiology; Organism.
Subjects: Specific Sciences > Biology
Specific Sciences > Biology > Function/Teleology
General Issues > History of Philosophy of Science
General Issues > History of Science Case Studies
Specific Sciences > Medicine
Depositing User: Dr. Leonardo Bich
Date Deposited: 04 Mar 2025 13:06
Last Modified: 04 Mar 2025 13:06
Item ID: 24868
Journal or Publication Title: Philosophy of Science
Publisher: Philosophy of Science Association
Official URL: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/philosophy...
DOI or Unique Handle: 10.1017/psa.2024.72
Subjects: Specific Sciences > Biology
Specific Sciences > Biology > Function/Teleology
General Issues > History of Philosophy of Science
General Issues > History of Science Case Studies
Specific Sciences > Medicine
Date: 2025
Page Range: pp. 1-22
ISSN: 0031-8248
URI: https://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/id/eprint/24868

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