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Extending Bell’s Theorem: Nonlocality via Measurement Dependence

Bacciagaluppi, Guido and Hermens, Ronnie and Leegwater, Gijs (2026) Extending Bell’s Theorem: Nonlocality via Measurement Dependence. [Preprint]

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Abstract

Besides well-known conditions of locality or factorisability, deriving the Bell inequalities requires assuming that the distribution of hidden variables and Alice’s and Bob’s measurement settings be independent of each other. We show that (analogously to violations of locality due to action at a distance) certain violations of
this Measurement Independence assumption can be associated with a notion of signalling in principle, thus making them also testable in principle, and spell out the appropriate conditions. Accordingly, we show that by imposing no-signalling one can prove a version of Bell’s theorem that does not require the assumption of Measurement Independence. We discuss the ‘Schulman model’ as an example, as well as lessons for ‘experimental metaphysics’.


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Item Type: Preprint
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCID
Bacciagaluppi, Guidog.bacciagaluppi@uu.nl
Hermens, Ronnier.hermens@uu.nl0000-0002-0406-6328
Leegwater, Gijsleegwater@esphil.eur.nl0000-0002-8398-0096
Keywords: quantum mechanics, Bell's theorem, hidden variables, measurement independence, signalling, nonlocality, experimental metaphysics
Subjects: Specific Sciences > Physics > Quantum Mechanics
Depositing User: Guido Bacciagaluppi
Date Deposited: 12 Feb 2026 12:08
Last Modified: 12 Feb 2026 12:08
Item ID: 28216
Subjects: Specific Sciences > Physics > Quantum Mechanics
Date: 3 February 2026
URI: https://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/id/eprint/28216

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