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Einstein Was Not a Flat Physicalist: Principle Theories, Constructive Theories, and the Direction of Constraint

Weinstein, Galina (2025) Einstein Was Not a Flat Physicalist: Principle Theories, Constructive Theories, and the Direction of Constraint. [Preprint]

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Abstract

Einstein’s distinction between principle theories and constructive theories is methodological rather than metaphysical. Principle theories such as thermodynamics and relativity articulate empirically distilled constraints that delimit admissible microphysical models, while constructive theories remain provisional and revisable. This paper reconstructs Einstein’s framework from primary sources and argues that recent appeals to it by Meir Hemmo and Orly Shenker—under the banner of Flat Physicalism—invert its functional hierarchy. What is presented as an Einsteinian template instead supports a reductionist metaphysics foreign to Einstein’s methodology and increasingly misaligned with the structural commitments of contemporary physics.


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Item Type: Preprint
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCID
Weinstein, Galinagaliweinstein.mc2@gmail.com
Keywords: Flat Physicalism, principle theories, constructive theories, Past Hypothesis, statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, Albert–Loewer, Mentaculus, psychological arrow, Second Law, Hempel’s dilemma, deep structure, Donald Davidson, anomalous monism, quantum, token-dualism, token identity, type identity, aspect, mental, Philosophy of Mind
Subjects: General Issues > Scientific Metaphysics
General Issues > Explanation
General Issues > History of Science Case Studies
General Issues > Laws of Nature
General Issues > Models and Idealization
Specific Sciences > Physics > Quantum Mechanics
General Issues > Reductionism/Holism
Specific Sciences > Physics > Relativity Theory
Specific Sciences > Physics > Statistical Mechanics/Thermodynamics
General Issues > Structure of Theories
Depositing User: Dr. Galina Weinstein
Date Deposited: 16 Dec 2025 13:48
Last Modified: 16 Dec 2025 13:48
Item ID: 27512
Subjects: General Issues > Scientific Metaphysics
General Issues > Explanation
General Issues > History of Science Case Studies
General Issues > Laws of Nature
General Issues > Models and Idealization
Specific Sciences > Physics > Quantum Mechanics
General Issues > Reductionism/Holism
Specific Sciences > Physics > Relativity Theory
Specific Sciences > Physics > Statistical Mechanics/Thermodynamics
General Issues > Structure of Theories
Date: 15 December 2025
URI: https://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/id/eprint/27512

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