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'The Tensor Calculus Knows Physics Better Than the Physicist': Bachelard on the Role of 'Covariant Differentiation' in Relativity Theory

Giovanelli, Marco (2024) 'The Tensor Calculus Knows Physics Better Than the Physicist': Bachelard on the Role of 'Covariant Differentiation' in Relativity Theory. [Preprint]

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Abstract

Gaston Bachelard's 1929 La valeur inductive de la relativité is arguably his most overlooked work. This paper argues that, nevertheless, it represents a noteworthy contribution to the early history of the philosophical interpretation of general relativity. In particular, Bachelard deserves recognition for identifying the central importance of the comma-goes-to-semicolon rule, referenced in modern textbooks: The principle of general relativity demands that fundamental laws of nature be expressed by tensor equations, substituting ordinary derivatives (commas) with covariant derivatives (semicolons). The equivalence principle might be taken as the claim that this formal change in non-gravitational laws directly leads to the discovery of gravitational laws. The paper concludes that, among early professional philosophers working on relativity, Bachelard uniquely grasped the "inductive value" of this heuristic device: "tensor calculus knows physics better than the physicist does", as Langevin once put it.


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Item Type: Preprint
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCID
Giovanelli, Marcomarco.giovanelli@unito.it0000-0003-1342-6476
Keywords: Gaston Bachelard; General relativity; tensor calculus; Covariant derivative
Subjects: Specific Sciences > Mathematics > History of Philosophy
General Issues > History of Philosophy of Science
Specific Sciences > Physics > Relativity Theory
Depositing User: Dr. Marco Giovanelli
Date Deposited: 17 Mar 2025 16:03
Last Modified: 17 Mar 2025 16:03
Item ID: 24903
Subjects: Specific Sciences > Mathematics > History of Philosophy
General Issues > History of Philosophy of Science
Specific Sciences > Physics > Relativity Theory
Date: 2024
URI: https://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/id/eprint/24903

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