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Reuniting philosophy and science to advance cancer research

Pradeu, Thomas and Daignan‐Fornier, Bertrand and Ewald, Andrew and Germain, Pierre‐Luc and Okasha, Samir and Plutynski, Anya and Benzekry, Sébastien and Bertolaso, Marta and Bissell, Mina and Brown, Joel S. and Chin‐Yee, Benjamin and Chin‐Yee, Ian and Clevers, Hans and Cognet, Laurent and Darrason, Marie and Farge, Emmanuel and Feunteun, Jean and Galon, Jérôme and Giroux, Elodie and Green, Sara and Gross, Fridolin and Jaulin, Fanny and Knight, Rob and Laconi, Ezio and Larmonier, Nicolas and Maley, Carlo and Mantovani, Alberto and Moreau, Violaine and Nassoy, Pierre and Rondeau, Elena and Santamaria, David and Sawai, Catherine M. and Seluanov, Andrei and Sepich‐Poore, Gregory D. and Sisirak, Vanja and Solary, Eric and Yvonnet, Sarah and Laplane, Lucie (2023) Reuniting philosophy and science to advance cancer research. Biological Reviews. ISSN 1464-7931

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Abstract

Cancers rely on multiple, heterogeneous processes at different scales, pertaining to many biomedical fields. Therefore, understanding cancer is necessarily an interdisciplinary task that requires placing specialised experimental and clinical research into a broader conceptual, theoretical, and methodological framework. Without such a framework, oncology will collect piecemeal results, with scant dialogue between the different scientific communities studying cancer. We argue that one important way forward in service of a more successful dialogue is through greater integration of applied sciences (experimental and clinical) with conceptual and theoretical approaches, informed by philosophical methods. By way of illustration, we explore six central themes: (i) the role of mutations in cancer; (ii) the clonal evolution of cancer cells; (iii) the relationship between cancer and multicellularity; (iv) the tumour microenvironment; (v) the immune system; and (vi) stem cells. In each case, we examine open questions in the scientific literature through a philosophical methodology and show the benefit of such a synergy for the scientific and medical understanding of cancer.


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Item Type: Published Article or Volume
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCID
Pradeu, Thomas
Daignan‐Fornier, Bertrand
Ewald, Andrew
Germain, Pierre‐Luc
Okasha, Samir
Plutynski, Anya
Benzekry, Sébastien
Bertolaso, Marta
Bissell, Mina
Brown, Joel S.
Chin‐Yee, Benjamin
Chin‐Yee, Ian
Clevers, Hans
Cognet, Laurent
Darrason, Marie
Farge, Emmanuel
Feunteun, Jean
Galon, Jérôme
Giroux, Elodie
Green, Sara
Gross, Fridolin
Jaulin, Fanny
Knight, Rob
Laconi, Ezio
Larmonier, Nicolas
Maley, Carlo
Mantovani, Alberto
Moreau, Violaine
Nassoy, Pierre
Rondeau, Elena
Santamaria, David
Sawai, Catherine M.
Seluanov, Andrei
Sepich‐Poore, Gregory D.
Sisirak, Vanja
Solary, Eric
Yvonnet, Sarah
Laplane, Lucie
Keywords: Driver Mutation, Clonal Evolution, Multicellularity, Tumorigenesis, Microenvironment, Oncoimmunology, Cancer Stem Cells, Philosophy of Cancer
Subjects: Specific Sciences > Biology
Specific Sciences > Biology > Developmental Biology
Specific Sciences > Biology > Ecology/Conservation
Specific Sciences > Biology > Evolutionary Theory
Specific Sciences > Biology > Molecular Biology/Genetics
Specific Sciences > Medicine > Health and Disease
Specific Sciences > Medicine
Depositing User: Thomas Pradeu
Date Deposited: 10 Jul 2023 13:50
Last Modified: 10 Jul 2023 13:50
Item ID: 22296
Journal or Publication Title: Biological Reviews
Official URL: http://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12971
DOI or Unique Handle: 10.1111/brv.12971
Subjects: Specific Sciences > Biology
Specific Sciences > Biology > Developmental Biology
Specific Sciences > Biology > Ecology/Conservation
Specific Sciences > Biology > Evolutionary Theory
Specific Sciences > Biology > Molecular Biology/Genetics
Specific Sciences > Medicine > Health and Disease
Specific Sciences > Medicine
Date: 2023
ISSN: 1464-7931
URI: https://philsci-archive.pitt.edu/id/eprint/22296

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